Citations of BMS158FI
Endothelium-derived Toll-like receptor-4 is the key molecule in LPS-induced neutrophil sequestration into lungs
Andonegui,Graciela; Bonder,Claudine S.; Green,Francis; Mullaly,Sarah C.; Zbytnuik,Lori; Raharjo,Eko; Kubes,Paul
Journal of Clinical Investigation 2003;111:1011-1020.
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Abstract
The rapid and selective accumulation of neutrophils into the lungs is thought to underlie the pulmonary failure that leads to sepsis-related death. In this study we investigated whether neutrophil TLR4 is important in LPS-induced pulmonary neutrophil recruitment by creating chimeric mice (transferring bone marrow between TLR4+/+ and TLR4-/- mice). In TLR4+/+ mice receiving TLR4-/- bone marrow, 6 weeks after transplant TLR4 was absent in all circulating leukocytes as well as in resident macrophages (these mice were termed LeukocyteTLR4-/-), and these cells were completely nonresponsive to LPS. In TLR4-/- mice receiving TLR4+/+ bone marrow, endothelial cells but not leukocytes were deficient in TLR4 (EndotheliumTLR4-/-). Surprisingly, systemic LPS (0.5 mg/kg) induced a dramatic increase in neutrophil sequestration into the lungs of LeukocyteTLR4-/- mice over the first 4 hours. Concomitantly, numbers of circulating leukocytes decreased by 90%. By contrast, EndotheliumTLR4-/- mice showed very little increase in neutrophil sequestration in the lungs, suggesting that endothelium rather than leukocyte TLR4 was important. Intravital microscopy of peripheral microcirculation in the cremaster muscle revealed about 30-fold more leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in LPS-treated EndotheliumTLR4-/- mice than in LPS-treated LeukocyteTLR4-/- mice. This is consistent with less sequestration of leukocytes into the lungs of EndotheliumTLR4-/- mice. In conclusion, our data challenge the view that LPS directly activates neutrophils to trap in lungs and suggest a far more important role than previously appreciated for the endothelial cells
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Human endothelial cells derived from circulating progenitors display specific functional properties as compared to mature vessel wall endothelial cells
Bompais,Heidi; Chagraoui,Jalila; Canron,Xavier; Crisan,Mihaela; Liu,Xu Hui; Anjo,Aurora; Tolla-Le Port,Carine; Leboeuf,Marylene; Charbord,Pierre; Bikfalvi,Andreas; Uzan,Georges
Blood 2003;103:2003-2008.
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Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were shown to be present in the systemic circulation and cord blood. We investigated if EPCs display specific properties as compared to mature endothelial cells. Human cord blood CD34+ cells were isolated and adherent cells were amplified under endothelial conditions. Expression of specific markers identified them as endothelial cells, also called EPDCs (endothelial progenitor-derived cells). When compared to mature endothelial cells, HUVECs and HBMECs, endothelial markers were expressed to the same extent except for KDR which is expressed more in EPDCs. They display a higher proliferation potential. Functional studies demonstrated that EPDCs were more sensitive to angiogenic factors, which afford these cells greater protection against cell death as compared to HUVECs. Moreover, EPDCs exhibit more hematopoietic supportive activity than HUVECs. Finally, studies in NOD/SCID mice demonstrated that human circulating EPCs are able to colonize a Matrigel plug. EPDCs display the morphology and phenotype of endothelial cells. Their functional features indicate, however, that although these cells have undergone some differentiation steps, they still have the properties of immature cells, suggesting greater tissue repair capabilities. Future use of in vitro amplified peripheral blood EPDCs may constitute a challenging strategy for cell therapy
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Endothelial progenitor cell culture and differentiation in vitro: a methodological comparison using human umbilical..
Eggermann,J.; Kliche,S.; Jarmy,G.; Hoffmann,K.; Mayr-Beyrle,U.; Debatin,K.M.; Waltenberger,J.; Beltinger,C.
Cardiovascular Research 2003;58:478-486.
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Abstract
Objective: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) can contribute to vascular repair and targeted tumour therapy. Little is known about generating EPC from human umbilical cord blood. We therefore compared methods for purification of EPC from human umbilical cord blood. Methods: Mononuclear cells were isolated from human umbilical cord blood by density gradient centrifugation and used either unselected or after CD34 preselection. Unselected mononuclear cells were cultured for 9 days. Culture-dish-adherent (CDAC) and non-adherent (CDNAC) CD34+ cells were cultured separately for 4 weeks. Surface markers were assessed by immunofluorescence staining and FACS analysis. Results: In unselected mononuclear cells, VEGF-R2 and VE-cadherin expression increased up to day 6. They stained positive with UEA-1 and took up acetylated LDL. Expression of CD45 and CD14 decreased over time, but remained strong. CD133 and CD34 were not expressed. CD34+-CDNAC acquired an endothelial phenotype over time with an increase of VEGFR-2 and von Willebrand factor (vWF). CD45 and CD14 decreased, while CD34 and the progenitor-cell marker CD133 remained strongly expressed. CD34+-CDAC showed a strong increase in VEGFR-2, CD133, CD34 and vWF, while CD14 decreased, and CD45 did not change. Conclusion: Putative EPC can be obtained from human umbilical cord blood. When selected for CD34, cells can be differentiated in culture to express markers of mature endothelial cells, while keeping progenitor markers. In contrast, short-term culture of unselected mononuclear cells leads to an endothelioid-monocytoid phenotype devoid of progenitor markers. Thus, the outgrowth from CD34-selected cells appears to be superior to short-term culture of unselected mononuclear cells with regard to endothelial cell-lineage specific differentiation of cells with a progenitor marker profile.
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Kidney Transplantation Substantially Improves Endothelial Progenitor Cell Dysfunction in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
Herbrig,K.; Gebler,K.; Oelschlaegel,U.; Pistrosch,F.; Foerster,S.; Wagner,A.; Gross,P.; Passauer,J.
American Journal of Transplantation 2006;6:2922-2928.
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Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are involved in endothelial repair and maintenance. Dysfunction of EPC may contribute to accelerated arteriosclerosis in chronic kidney disease. Kidney transplantation (KTx) improves both survival and endothelial function of dialysis patients. In a prospective study, we tested to which extent KTx changes EPC biology. We studied number and function (migratory activity, adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins and to mature endothelial cells [EC]) of EPC in 20 patients during dialysis and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after KTx. Twenty-two healthy volunteers served as matched controls. Circulating precursor populations were measured by flow cytometric analysis. Cytokines relevant for EPC mobilization were monitored. Compared to the dialysis state, KTx increased the migration of EPC to approximately 2-fold. Adhesion to fibronectin and to collagen type IV was significantly increased after KTx. An improved adhesion rate of EPC to mature EC was observed. The number of EPC decreased. The amount of precursor populations showed no difference compared to the pretransplant state. Our study shows an improved function of EPC after KTx. This finding indicates an improved potential for endothelial repair which in turn may contribute to enhanced endothelial function and reduced cardiovascular morbidity after KTx
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Endothelial dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a reduced number and impaired function of endothelial progenitor cells
Herbrig,K.; Haensel,S.; Oelschlaegel,U.; Pistrosch,F.; Foerster,S.; Passauer,J.
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2006;65:157-163.
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Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality attributable to accelerated atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Objective: To determine the role played by endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in the defence system against arteriosclerosis. Methods: The number and function of EPC in 13 young patients with RA with low disease activity (DAS28 3.5 (0.3)) and 13 healthy control subjects was studied. Endothelial function was investigated by agonist-induced, endothelium dependent vasodilatation measured by the forearm blood flow technique. Migratory activity and adhesion of EPC to tumour necrosis factor {alpha} (TNF{alpha}) activated mature endothelial cells and components of the extracellular matrix were tested in vitro. Putative precursor populations (CD34+, CD34+/CD133+, and CD34+/KDR+ haematopoietic stem cells) were measured by flow cytometric analysis. Results: Acetylcholine-induced, endothelium dependent vasodilatation was reduced by about 50% in patients with RA, indicating endothelial dysfunction, whereas endothelium-independent vasodilatation in response to glyceryl trinitrate was at control level. Significantly reduced numbers of EPC were found in the patients compared with controls. Migratory activity of EPC was decreased in patients with RA. Adhesion to mature endothelial cells after activation with TNF{alpha} was enhanced only in controls. The adhesion to matrix proteins and the number of putative precursor cell lineages was comparable in both groups. Conclusion: Endothelial dysfunction in patients with RA with low grade inflammation is associated with a reduced number and partial dysfunction of EPC. Further studies are needed to explore whether interventions that potentially ameliorate the number and function of EPC also improve endothelial function in these patients
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LSP1 is an endothelial gatekeeper of leukocyte transendothelial migration
Liu,Lixin; Cara,Denise C.; Kaur,Jaswinder; Raharjo,Eko; Mullaly,Sarah C.; Jongstra-Bilen,Jenny; Jongstra,Jan; Kubes,Paul
Journal of Experimental Medicine 2005;201:409-418.
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Abstract
Leukocyte-specific protein 1 (LSP1), an F-actin binding protein and a major downstream substrate of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase as well as protein kinase C, has been reported to be important in leukocyte chemotaxis. Although its distribution has been thought to be restricted to leukocytes, herein we report that LSP1 is expressed in endothelium and is essential to permit neutrophil emigration. Using intravital microscopy to directly visualize leukocyte rolling, adhesion, and emigration in postcapillary venules in LSP1-deficient (Lsp1-/-) mice, we found that LSP1 deficiency inhibits neutrophil extravasation in response to various cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} and interleukin-1{beta}) and to neutrophil chemokine keratinocyte-derived chemokine in vivo. LSP1 deficiency did not affect leukocyte rolling or adhesion. Generation of Lsp1-/- chimeric mice using bone marrow transplantation revealed that in mice with Lsp1-/- endothelial cells and wild-type leukocytes, neutrophil transendothelial migration out of postcapillary venules is markedly restricted. In contrast, Lsp1-/- neutrophils in wild-type mice were able to extravasate normally. Consistent with altered endothelial function was a reduction in vascular permeability to histamine in Lsp1-/- animals. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence microscopy examination confirmed the presence of LSP1 in wild-type but not in Lsp1-/- mouse microvascular endothelial cells. Cultured human endothelial cells also stained positive for LSP1. Our results suggest that LSP1 expressed in endothelium regulates neutrophil transendothelial migration
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Human adipose tissue as a source of Flk-1^+ cells: new method of differentiation and expansion
Martinez-Estrada,O.M.; Munoz-Santos,Y.; Julve,J.; Reina,M.; Vilaro,S.
Cardiovascular Research 2005;65:328-333.
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Abstract
Objective The low number of postnatal endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in the circulation limits their therapeutic application in cardiovascular medicine. Processed lipoaspirate (PLA) cells differentiate into osteoid, adipose, muscle, and cartilaginous cells. This study examines the potential of PLA cells as a source of EPCs. Methods PLA cells obtained from human lipoaspirates were cultured for 1 week in serum-depleted medium to form three-dimensional cell clusters (3DCC). The phenotype of 3DCC-derived cells was assessed by immunofluorescense staining and FACS analysis. Results Flow cytometry showed that 45±5% of cells derived from the 3DCC expressed Flk-1, a marker of early EPC, whilst only 4±0.5% of freshly isolated PLA were Flk-1+. The proportion of Flk-1+ cells increased to 98±2% during culture in hematopoietic stem cell medium. When cultured in an endothelial cell (EC)-specific medium, Flk-1+ cells also expressed Ve-cadherin, von Willebrand's factor (vW), and a lectin receptor, and took up low-density lipoprotein. Incorporation into an endothelial cell tubular network confirmed their functional activity. Conclusion This report describes the first isolation and culture of Flk-1+ cells from human adipose tissue. The feasibility of the extraction and culture of these cells in increased numbers suggests that such autologous cells will be useful for applications ranging from basic research to cell-based therapies.
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Two consecutive high-fat meals affect endothelial-dependent vasodilation, oxidative stress and cellular microparticles in healthy men
TUSHUIZEN,M.E.; NIEUWLAND,R.; SCHEFFER,P.G.; STURK,A.; Heine,R.J.; DIAMANT,M.
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2006;4:1003-1010.
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Abstract
Summary. Background: A large body of evidence has accumulated indicating a relation between postprandial hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia, and the risk of cardiovascular disease. Objective: We studied possible mechanisms underlying the postprandial proatherogenic state by exposing healthy males to two consecutive high-fat mixed meals. Patients/methods: Seventeen healthy males [age 25.4 +- 3 years, body mass index 23.6 +- 2 kg m-2] were studied during two randomized visits. During the meal visit, subjects consumed standardized meals (50 g of fat, 55 g of carbohydrates and 30 g of proteins) as breakfast and 4 h later as lunch. During the control visit, subjects remained fasted. Prior to each blood collection (before and every 2 h after the first meal), flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery was measured. Results: Although within the normal range, postprandial plasma glucose and triacylglycerol concentrations increased significantly, especially after the second meal, as compared with baseline (4.8 +- 0.3 to 5.4 +- 0.4, 0.8 +- 0.2 to 1.7 +- 0.7 mmol L-1, respectively; both P < 0.05) and the fasting visit. After the second meal, FMD was significantly impaired (6.9% vs. 3.7%, P < 0.05) whereas oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)/LDL cholesterol ratio and malondialdehyde concentrations were markedly elevated (both P < 0.01). Finally, an increase in total microparticle (MP) numbers was observed during the meal visit (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In healthy males, after two consecutive fat-rich meals, mild elevations in plasma glucose and triacylglycerol were paralleled by impaired FMD, increased markers of oxidative stress and circulating MPs, in particular, after the second meal. These findings may have consequences for subjects with postprandial dysmetabolism, including those with Type 2 diabetes
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Changes in circulating mesenchymal stem cells, stem cell homing factor, and vascular growth factors in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Wang,Y.; Johnsen,H.E.; Mortensen,S.; Bindslev,L.; Sejersten Ripa,R.; Haack-Sorensen,M.; Jorgensen,E.; Fang,W.; Kastrup,J.
Heart 2006;92:768-774.
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the spontaneous occurrence of circulating mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and angiogenic factors in patients with ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Design: In 20 patients with STEMI, blood samples were obtained on days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after the acute PCI. Fifteen patients with a normal coronary angiography formed a control group. MSC (CD45-/CD34-), plasma stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) were measured by multiparametric flow cytometry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Circulating CD45-/CD34- cells were significantly decreased on day 7 compared with day 3. Cell counts normalised one month after the acute onset of STEMI. The changes were mainly seen in patients with a large infarction. Plasma SDF-1 increased significantly from day 3 to day 28, and VEGF-A and FGF-2 increased significantly from day 7 to day 28. Conclusions: Spontaneous sequential fluctuations in MSC and the increase in vascular growth factor concentrations after STEMI suggest that the optimal time for additional stem cell therapy is three weeks after a myocardial infarction to obtain the maximum effects by stimulating endogenous growth factors on the delivered stem cells
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