Bone Markers

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4. Yao Z et al. Osteoclast precursor interaction with bone matrix induces osteoclast formation directly by an interleukin-1-mediated autocrine mechanism. J Biol Chem 2008;283:9917-24.
5. Caetano-Lopez J et al. Osteoblasts and bone formation. Acta Reumatol Port 2007;32:103-10.
6. Wong PK et al. The role of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines in inflammatory arthritis and bone turnover.
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7. Bustamante M et al. Polymorphisms in the interleukin-6 receptor gene are associated with bone mineral density and body mass index in Spanish postmenopausal women. Eur J Endocrinol 2007;157:677-84.
8. Kawase Y et al. Bone malformations in interleukin-18 transgenic mice. J Bone Miner Res 2003;18:975-83.
9. Dai SM et al. Interleukin (IL) 18 stimulates osteoclast formation through synovial T cells in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with IL1 beta and tumour necrosis factor alpha. Ann Rheum Dis 2004;63:1379-86.
10. Thrailkill KM et al. Bone regeneration is impaired in insulin deficiency; and regeneration can be restored by insulin treatment. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2005;289:E735-45.
11. Baud’huin M et al. RANKL, RANK, osteoprotegerin: key partners of osteoimmunology and vascular diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2007;64:2334-50.
12. Kiechl S et al. The osteoprotegerin/RANK/RANKL system: a bone key to vascular disease. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2006;4:801-11.
13. Wada S et al. Osteocalcin and bone. Clin Calcium 2007;17:1673-7.
14. Robinson L et al. Tumor necrosis factor family receptors regulating bone turnover: new observations in osteoblastic and osteoclastic cell lines. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007;1116:432-43.
14. Franchimont N et al. Interleukin-6: An osteotropic factor influencing bone formation? Bone 2005;37:601-6.

15. Bertolini DR et al. Stimulation of bone resorption and inhibition of bone formation in vitro by human tumour necrosis factors.
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16. Kanaan RA et al. Transforming growth factor beta1, bone connection. Med Sci Monit 2006;12:RA164-9.
17. Burrage PS et al. Matrix metalloproteinases: role in arthritis. Front Biosci 2006;11:529-43.
18. Yun HJ et al. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses TNF-alpha -induced production of MMP-1 and -3 in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. Rheumatol Int 2008. (Epub ahead of print).
19. Hulejová H et al. Increased level of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in osteoarthritic subchondral bone. Cytokine 2007;38:151-6.
20. Miura M et al. A crucial role of caspase-3 in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells. J Clin Invest 2004;114:1704-13.

21. Wakeyama H et al. Negative feedback loop in the Bim-caspase-3 axis regulating apoptosis and activity of osteoclasts. J Bone Miner Res 2007;22:1631-9.
22. Szymczyk KH et al. Active caspase-3 is required for osteoclast differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2006;209:836-44.
23. Yang CR et al. Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) induces osteoclast formation from monocyte/macrophage lineage precursor cells. Cell Death Differ 2004;11 Suppl 1:S97-107.
24. Gouin F et al. Increased levels of leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in urine and tissue culture supernatant from human primary bone tumours. Cytokine 1998;10:110-4.
25. Van Vlasselaer P. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF): a growth factor with pleiotropic effects on bone biology. Prog Growth Factor Res 1992;4:337-53.
26. Lu M et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 regulates graft bone resorption. Angle Orthod 2006;76:598-604.
27. Alexandrakis MG et al. Relationship between serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 with biochemical markers of bone disease in multiple myeloma. Clin Chim Acta 2007;379:31-5.
28. Kosaki N et al. Impaired bone fracture healing in matrix metalloproteinase-13 deficient mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007;354:846-51.
29. Hou CH et al. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 enhances the motility of chondrosarcoma cells via activation of matrix metalloproteinase-13. Bone 2009;44:233-42.
30. Singer FR et al. Using biochemical markers of bone turnover in clinical practice. Cleve Clin J Med 2008;75:739-50.